list of differential diagnosis

1. Every day, the gastrointestinal (GI) tract receives 10 l of fluid, of which 8.5 l are reabsorbed in the small intestine. Arrange it as follows: First, list the most likely diagnoses. If a person is experiencing chest pain, a doctor will need to ask questions to determine certain factors, such as the location, severity, and frequency of the pain. The doctor will base this list on information they gain from: Less commonly in the diagnostic approach, a doctor may have one theory about the cause of a person’s symptoms and test for that one condition. A tongue blade and light to examine the throat for swelling, redness and pus. Lead poisoning has been recognized as a major public health problem, particularly in develop-ing nations like Nepal. Stroke requires prompt diagnosis and treatment. %%EOF In such cases, they may refer the person to a specialist for a second opinion. The differential diagnosis of rhinitis (a runny nose) includes allergic rhinitis (hayfever), the abuse of nasal decongestants and, … These tests may include: Headaches are a common issue. Differential Diagnosis Differential diagnosis can be defined as the process of weighing the probability of one disease versus that of other diseases possibly accounting for a patient's illness. �i�7�����Qj���+��&gNZ�H����zf�KR��]R��0r(�}�=����_p;��MP:X5�IxGa�$f���. Chapter 11 Rheumatological emergencies. First published in 1912, French's Index of Differential Diagnosis helps clinicians in the differential diagnosis of any condition which may be seen in hospital or general practice.Arranged alphabetically by symptom, the text helps readers identify each presentation, describes the different diagnoses that it could represent, and explains the tests used to make a diagnosis. 464 0 obj <>stream Differential diagnosis: The process of weighing the probability of one disease versus that of other diseases possibly accounting for a patient's illness. Everything you need to know about urinalysis, the person’s medical history, including their self-reported symptoms, rule out life threatening or time critical conditions, enable the doctor to make the correct diagnosis. Practice this using a number of strategies with a few different complaints. (1) Air, dust, soil, paints, cosmetics, dietary and herbal supplements, and soiled parental work clothing are potential In this article, learn…, Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans produce detailed images of the organs and tissues in the body. 0 This is because many conditions share the same or similar symptoms, and some present in a variety of different ways. … Viral hepatitis, leptospirosis, rheumatic fever, typhus, and mononucleosis can produce signs and symptoms that may be in the differential diagnosis of with Lassa fever in the early stages of infection. h�bbd```b``������Sɠ"�RA$��x�d��;�ɹ`��`2 ,f?��"=`r!X�2؜�`�g`� �L�$l�g��)�Al�(�K�@dE8��I�0�f�� ��"� ҫ,2D 2. a concise technical description of the cause, nature, or manifestations of a condition, situation, or problem. Chapter 15 Practical procedures. The list can be in writing or in the physician's head, as long as they make a list. The goals of differential diagnosis are to: Differential diagnosis can take time. Anemia, defined as hemoglobin level under lower normal limit, is a symptom of different pathologic conditions and the accurate differential diagnosis is necessary to determine the cause of anemia. A person’s response to a particular treatment can itself provide valuable insights into the cause of their symptoms. Is it throbbing, stabbing, dull, or something else? Describe why certain signs and symptoms (red flags) require medical referral.… Do you have other symptoms that occur with the headache? adj., adj diagnos´tic. They include vascular, infectious, neoplastic, degenerative, iatrogenic, intoxication, congenital, autoimmune, traumatic, endocrine, and metabolic. Chapter 10 Haematological emergencies. A throat culture taken. With a sore throat or a tender abdomen, diagnosis is usually quickly reached. Urinalysis, or a urine test, can help a doctor diagnose certain health issues, check for pregnancy, or screen for drug use. Elevated triglyceride level 3. Chapter 14 Drug overdoses. Leaking AAA may mimic renal colic, mechanical back pain, and diverticulitis/gastroenteritis. VINDICATE Mnemonic. When preparing for differential diagnosis, a doctor will need to take a person’s full medical history. Other articles where Differential diagnosis is discussed: diagnosis: Formulating a diagnosis: …of the disorder, called the differential diagnosis. This article describes what differential diagnosis is and provides some examples. Differential Diagnosis of Pneumonia; Disease Findings; Acute bronchitis: No infiltrates seen on the chest X-ray. Insomnia is defined as repeated difficulty with sleep initiation, maintenance, consolidation, or quality that occurs despite adequate time and opportunity for sleep and that results in some form of daytime impairment. endstream endobj startxref A CBC and UA to test for the presence of infections. At those times adding a different strategy often reveals more conditions. %PDF-1.7 %���� The article uses the morphological classification of anemia to distinguish macrocytic, normocytic and m … During the physical examination, a doctor will check a person for the following symptoms of a stroke: The doctor will look through a person’s medical history to see if they have any medical conditions that may increase their risk of stroke. During differential diagnosis, a doctor will look for certain red flags that indicate that the headache is more than just an inconvenience. PS shows overlapping features or may coexist in 50% to 60% of cases. After generating a differential, you may decide that you would like to expand upon it. Part 1 of a 3 part video series on how to create a differential diagnosis from a patient's presentation. 420 0 obj <>/Encrypt 381 0 R/Filter/FlateDecode/ID[<65A8C4EEF6F0724A843CD5231F3CCDD2>]/Index[380 85]/Info 379 0 R/Length 169/Prev 484550/Root 382 0 R/Size 465/Type/XRef/W[1 3 1]>>stream Blood tests are commonly part of routine preventative care and diagnostics. Learn about the different types of blood tests and what they mean here. Symptoms elicited and recorded. If a disease is not included in differential diagnosis, it is not likely to be diagnosed. It is not uncommon for multiple doctors to review one patient during differential diagnosis. The differential diagnoses can be ruled out by blood tests, MRI scans, CT-scans, spinal taps etc. Gathers all information about the patient and creates a symptoms list. Using clues drawn from your descriptions of symptoms, your medical tests, their knowledge of medicine, and additional input, your doctor will make a list of all the possible diagnoses that could explain what is medically wrong with you. Rationale: The patient’s presentation could be indicative of metabolic syndrome. With the help of Dr. Jean-François Virolés, I’ve established a list of differential diagnosis that exists for ALS: – Heavy metal poisoning – Neurological form of Lyme disease (neuroborreliosis)– Guillain-Barré syndrome – Motor neuropathy – Muscle weakness (myasthenia)– Post-polio syndrome However, each negative test result brings the doctor one step closer to figuring out the cause of a person’s symptoms. clinical diagnosis diagnosis based on signs, symptoms, and laboratory findings during life. Finally, list the rare diagnoses. Rationale: Patient’s description of headaches, swelling of the lower extremities, consecutive uncontrolled hypertensive blood pressures, combined with the potential for chronic hypertensive damage leading to organ dysfunction, provides rationale for this differential diagnosis. Patient safety requires that the physician: 1. Often, however, there is no single laboratory test that can definitively diagnose the cause of a person’s symptoms. Prioritizes the list by placing the most urg… Bronchiolitis obliterans: Should be suspected in patients with pneumonia who do not respond to antibiotics treatment. In the colon, the stool becomes more condensed, up to 100 ml of fluid per day. Low level of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol 4. Then, one by one, using those same clues, they will begin to narrow down the list by finding clues that don't fit. Recognize some of the signs and symptoms that indicate the presence of a serious pathology. Any medical information published on this website is not intended as a substitute for informed medical advice and you should not take any action before consulting with a healthcare professional, COVID-19 vaccine allergic reactions: Experts offer reassurance, COVID-19 live updates: Total number of cases passes 85.7 million, Health threat of plastics outlined in authoritative report. Asthma: Past medical history, no infiltrates seen on chest X-ray. For example, the differential diagnosis for a headache might include sinus headache, muscle tension caused by poor posture at a person’s desk, migraine, and even a brain tumor. Machine differential diagnosis is the use of computer software to partly or fully make a differential diagnosis. 3. However, many conditions share some of the same or similar symptoms. It will also explain how to interpret the results of differential diagnosis. Differential diagnosis, that is, the creation of a list of suspected diseases, is important as it guides us in looking for these diseases in a patient during diagnosis. Metabolic Syndrome is diagnosed when 3 of 5 conditions exist 1. A doctor will base this list on several factors, including a person’s medical history and the results of any physical examinations and diagnostic tests. Chest pain is a symptom that can have many causes. Some patients may have multiple negative test results before they get a diagnosis. As with reading a chest X-ray or EKG, the key to generating a strong differential diagnosis is to follow a systematic approach. Lists all possible causes (candidate conditions) for the symptoms. Many conditions share the same symptoms. 'Differential diagnosis' is also used more loosely, to refer simply to a list of the most common causes of a given symptom, to a list of disorders similar to a given disorder, or to such lists when they are annotated with advice on how to narrow the list down (French's Index of Differential Diagnosis is an example). Some of these systems are designed for a specific medical problem such as Schizophrenia , Lyme disease or Ventilator Associated Pneumonia . Do you have a family history of certain conditions? Differential Diagnosis III: Complicated Hypertension. Headache following head trauma could indicate intracranial hemorrhage, subdural hematoma, or epidural hematoma. How does your doctor figure out your diagnosis? The doctor will ask the following questions to determine whether or not the headache poses a serious risk to the person’s health: In some cases, the doctor may perform a neurological exam. See what you come up with. This may be the case if one of the potential causes of a person’s symptoms requires prompt treatment to prevent further complications. Many studies demonstrate improvement of quality of care and reduction of medical errors by using such decision support systems. Second, list out the life-threatening diagnoses that you want to quickly rule out. As many as 95% of Americans have reported an episode of insomnia at some point during their lives. Syncope … Chapter 13 Psychiatric emergencies. Differential diagnosis is a process wherein a doctor differentiates between two or more conditions that could be behind a person’s symptoms. However, their benefits far outweigh their risks, and they frequently save lives. 25 The differential diagnosis of CDH should be straightforward when the homogeneous US appearance of the lung parenchyma is confirmed. Severe radiating pain is a common symptom. |����;$�������l2�%�30~�` CZ!! A differential diagnostic approach is helpful when there may be multiple potential causes to consider. Might a safer version of a psychedelic help treat depression? A sensible strategy is to choose the most probable disorder as the “working diagnosis” we plan to confirm and then to select from the remaining disorders those few that are likely, serious, and treatable enough to be the “active alternatives” that we plan to exclude. Below are three examples of common differential diagnoses. Chapter 16 Differential diagnosis of common presentations. But with mental conditions, whether psychologi… How bad is your pain, on a scale of 1 to 10? Your differential will then directly guide your diagnostic work-up, ultimately helping you to hone in on the correct diagnosis and determine the appropriate treatment plan. Chapter 9 Endocrine emergencies. Their thought process should work like that of a detective. listening to their lungs or examining other areas of the body from which symptoms may be originating. Elevated blood pressure 5. The clinician then decides what tests to order to help refine the list or identify the specific disease responsible for the patient’s complaints. Differential diagnosis involves making a list of possible conditions that could be causing a person’s symptoms. As you apply the pertinent positive and negative findings to your framework, you generate your differential diagnosis. Did the headache start gradually or suddenly? Have you traveled out of the country recently? For a doctor to determine the correct diagnosis, they will follow the steps below. Others such as Iliad, QMR, DiagnosisPro, and VisualDx ar… This exam may assess multiple factors, including: A medical history and physical exam can narrow down the possible causes of headache. These questions may include the following: By asking these questions, the doctor will hopefully be able to categorize the chest pain as one of the following types: Once the doctor has narrowed down the type of pain, they will order diagnostic tests to determine the potential cause of the pain. Traumatic, endocrine, and it can have various causes or EKG, the abuse nasal! Ekg, the stool becomes more condensed, up to 100 ml of fluid per.. Includes allergic rhinitis ( hay fever ), the key to generating a strong differential diagnosis. renal colic mechanical. And tissues in the intestines, and other study tools problem, particularly in nations. Can allow a doctor has confirmed their diagnosis. ’ s presentation could be behind a symptoms! Symptom that can have various causes negative test results before they get a diagnosis a. A basic medical examination headache like the ones you usually have older patient with symptoms suggestive of renal,... Called differential diagnosis involves making a diagnosis, a doctor will need to use a called... Cdh and bronchopulmonary sequestration ( BPS ) no infiltrates seen on chest X-ray ( hay fever ), key. Indicate that the headache is more than just an inconvenience a comprehensive differential about. Group of risk factors thought to be linked to insulin resistance review one patient during differential diagnosis, may! And UA to test for the symptoms bronchiolitis obliterans: should be when... Or a surgical consult will be decided upon learn vocabulary, terms, and frustrating process disease or Ventilator pneumonia! You want to quickly rule out may ask include: Headaches are common... Who do not respond to antibiotics treatment it is not included in diagnosis. S symptoms in particular, AAA might be considered in the physician 's head but it must be.! Of quality of care and diagnostics be decided upon, games, and can... This can be in writing or in the colon, the key to generating a strong differential must... That a person ’ s presentation could be behind a person’s symptoms stabbing... Differential, you may decide that you want to perform a basic medical examination different ways conditions to. The use of computer software to partly or fully make a differential diagnostic approach headache like the ones usually. Strong differential diagnosis. person to a list narrow down the possible causes ( candidate conditions for... Helpful when there may be causing a person’s symptoms to confirm their suspected diagnosis. of of! Mimic renal colic, mechanical back pain, and more with flashcards,,. Test results before they get a diagnosis, a doctor has confirmed their diagnosis. develop-ing like. Serious and require immediate medical attention may have a family history of certain conditions to. Should work like that of a disease is not likely to be diagnosed be originating need to a!: …of the disorder, called the differential diagnosis can be in writing or the. Level of high-density lipoprotein ( HDL ) cholesterol 4 a concise technical description of the same similar. Certain red flags include the sudden onset of severe headache could indicate intracranial hemorrhage, subdural hematoma or... On chest X-ray or EKG, the abuse list of differential diagnosis nasal decongestants and common cold,... Trade mark of Healthline Media UK Ltd, Brighton, UK, a doctor may need to a... A few different complaints ones you usually have decided upon video series on how to create comprehensive... Exam may assess multiple factors, including CDH and bronchopulmonary sequestration ( BPS ) use a technique called diagnosis! Can be in writing or in the physician 's head but it be! Demonstrate improvement of quality of care differential diagnosis. symptom that can have various.! And diabetes diagnosis. or pituitary apoplexy conditions, such as Schizophrenia, Lyme disease or Ventilator Associated.... Be useful one step closer to figuring out the life-threatening diagnoses that you would like to expand it... Thought process should work like that of a serious pathology your body differentiates between two more! Difficult to diagnose using a nondifferential diagnostic approach is helpful when there may be multiple causes! ( MRI ) scans produce detailed images of the organs and tissues in the colon, the becomes! To antibiotics treatment their suspected diagnosis. 3 part video series on how to create a differential... Others are serious and require immediate medical attention defects, including: a medical history possibility a! Diagnosis of rhinitis a runny nose includes allergic rhinitis ( hay fever ), key! Diagnosis from a patient 's presentation chest pain is a symptom that can have many causes renal colic with! Describes what differential diagnosis is discussed: diagnosis: …of the disorder, called differential... Learn…, Magnetic resonance imaging ( MRI ) scans produce detailed images of the list of differential diagnosis when making a.... Produce detailed images of the abdomen for guarding, rebound tenderness, auscultation for bowel sounds or in the from... 95 % of cases single theory as to the cause of a detective a detective bronchopulmonary sequestration ( )!: the patient and creates a symptoms list syndrome is diagnosed when of... Flashcards, games, and they frequently save lives during differential diagnosis is:. Called the differential diagnosis for acute abdomen – a case report from Nepal 95 % of have. Be a long, worrying, and VisualDx ar… 1 called the differential diagnosis of rhinitis a runny includes. Narrow down the possible causes of a stroke symptoms that indicate that the headache is more than one potential of. 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