melanotic macule causes

Occasionally the lesion can be on the upper lip. Some of the possible causes of Hypermelanotic macule or similar disorders may include: 2. There is a variety of causes for a person to have a melanotic macule. We present evidence that this is a benign entity. Excision can also be performed but will leave a scar. The average age of presentation is 43 years, with a female predilection. Sponsored content: melanomas are notoriously difficult to discover and diagnose. However it may also occur in dark-skinned individuals and, as described above, similar lesions can arise in sites that are never sun-exposed. We have followed up these patients for up to 13 years and 3 months (mean 6 years, 3 months). Oral melanotic macule is a non-cancerous (benign), dark spot found on the lips or inside the mouth. Solar lentigo (high power) with increased basal layer pigmentation AND increased melanocyte numbers. 2003;139:767-770 YPERPIGMENTED lesions involving the oral mu-cosa have various patho-genetic causes. A dermatologist can evaluate a melanotic macule to determine if it poses any health risks to the patient. Luckily, melanoma is very rare on the lip (but it can occur). Peutz-Jeghers syndrome– a genetic disorder with benign hamartomatous polyps in the GI tract, lips and oral mucosa 3. Macules can be caused by various conditions that affect the appearance of your skin, resulting in areas of discoloration. A mucosal melanocytic macule is a well-defined, oval, brown to black, flat patch, usually found on the lip (a labial melanocytic macule). Melanotic Macule Causes There is a variety of causes for a person to have a melanotic macule. Melanotic macule may be indicative of preexisting disorders such as Addison’s disease; Treatment of melanotic macule. The labial melanotic macule: a review of 79 cases. According to RDH Magazine, this common oral condition is present in 3 percent of the general population and is caused by a … The exact cause of Melanotic Macules of Oral Mucosa is not well-understood. It can even be found on the inside of your mouth, gums, called gingiva, the roof your mouth on the soft or hard palate, or inner cheek called buccal mucosa. Conclusion: The congenital lingual melanotic macule represents a clinically distinct, benign, pigmented oral melanoticlesion,andmaybemorecommonthanthelit-erature suggests. A response to environmental stress such as persistent exposure to the sun, smoking, or taking a medication that can cause your skin to darken or spot, called, It could be an indicator of an underlying medical condition like. However it may also occur in dark-skinned individuals and, as described above, similar lesions can arise in sites that are never sun-exposed. It may also arise on the gingival, buccal, or palatal mucosa. Home It is suggested that the term oral melanotic macule be used for these lesions, unless a specific cause can be confirmed by clinical data. DermNet provides Google Translate, a free machine translation service. Labial melanotic macule — codes and concepts. A number of inherited diseases are manifested by pigmented oral lesions. [Congenital melanotic macules of the tongue] The color of the lesion is normally darker than the tissue that surrounds it. Clinical and dermatoscopic features of labial melanotic macule. These conditions can be differentiated from labial melanotic macule by a combination of clinical and histological features. Having a melanotic macule does not cause any symptoms but when you see one it is usually smaller than seven millimeters in diameter. A variation of the melanotic macule is the ephelis, or freckle, which generally appears as a small (2- to 3-mm) brown spot on the lip. If the melanotic macule is removed it can create a small scar or depression in the tissue which may or may not be noticeable. If you have any concerns with your skin or its treatment, see a dermatologist for advice. In such cases, the cause of the condition is genetically-influenced Figure 3. The melanosis may occur on the vermilion border of the lip or the gingiva due to postinflammatory or posttraumatic causes. Labial melanotic macule causes Labial melanotic macule is thought to be provoked by sun exposure, and it is more common in fair skinned people. Lesions with a typical history and appearance need not be biopsied. With your help, we can update and expand the website. The exact cause for VM is unknown currently. To make sure what type of treatment is needed, if any, they will usually do a skin biopsy to confirm if it is melanotic macule or another medical condition that could be precancerous or cancerous. Seventy‐nine patients presented to the pigmented lesion clinic between 1983 and 1996 with labial melanotic macules. » doi: 10.1016/j.tripleo.2011.02.040. Once developed the lesions usually remain unchanged in size and colour. The most common lesions are oral It has also been found on the genital areas. 1,2 The oral melanotic macule presents in patients older than 40 years as a flat, blue, brown, or black, mostly solitary lesion less than 10 mm in diameter. Local irritants, such as smoking, may also result in melanosis of varying degrees. Contact us to sponsor a DermNet newsletter. 7,8 See smartphone apps to check your skin. Hence, treatment is not required. Multiple lesions may be a sign of a widespread skin condition, such as: A labial melanotic macule has a characteristic pattern when examined with the magnifying glass or by dermoscopy. Brown macules on the lower lip are relatively common, especially in young adult women. H Arch Dermatol. This lesion is completely benign, but biopsy must be performed to differentiate it from melanoma. A melanotic macule is a small dark spot that is usually benign, but may be a cause for concern if it changes in color, shape, or texture. Melanotic macules usually arise from three sources: an intraoral freckle, postinflammatory pigmentation, or disorders such as Addison’s disease, Peutz-Jeghers syndrome, or Laugier-Hunziker syndrome. It is usually asymptomatic and does not cause any severe signs or symptoms. Their etiology is not clear and it may represent a physiologic or reactive process. The oral melanotic macule (MM) is a small, well-circumscribed brown-to-black macule that occurs on the lips and mucous membranes. Diagnosis confirmation. Although most of the time they are solitary lesions there can be more than one. Excision but using this form of removal will leave you a scar. Shen ZY, Liu W, Bao ZX, Zhou ZT, Wang LZ Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 2011 Jul;112(1):e21-5. In the literature, the oral melanotic macule has been given various inappropriate and erroneous names, such as ephelis5,6 and lentigo7,8. Labial melanotic macules are differentiated from other entities by a combination of clinical and histologic features. Gupta G, Williams REA, Mackie RM. These spots usually appear on the lips or genitals and can have a number of causes. Luckily, melanotic macules are harmless. Suspicious lesions, including lesions showing progressive change, should be biopsied. In some people, if they opt to have it removed the tissue may heal well and leave little or no depression or scar. » DermNet NZ does not provide an online consultation service. LEOPARD syndrome– a very rare inherited disorder with problems in the skin, face and heart 2. A labial melanotic macule is thought to be provoked by sun exposure, and it is more common in fair-skinned people. Typical lesions can just be observed. Genetic disorders 2. Usually solitary, a labial melanotic macule is most commonly seen in adult women but it also occurs in males and in young people. A labial melanotic macule is thought to be provoked by sun exposure, and it is more common in fair-skinned people. [Sponsored content]. Currently, there is no specific cause for this vulvar benign but there are some rarely linked factors. Histologically, this is evidenced by abundant melanin pigmentation within the basal epithelial cell layer with melanin incontinence in … Melanotic macules are caused by functional hyperactivity of the regional melanocytes (ie, there is increased melanin production). Multiple lentiginosis (various syndromes including. It is also sometimes called a labial lentigo and when multiple lesions are present, mucosal melanosis. There are two major linked conditions. Intense pulsed light therapy which is a form of laser therapy. Like skin freckles, the exact cause of an oral melanotic macule is unknown. Melanotic macules are benign pigmented lesions that are found in the oral cavity, caused by an increase in pigmentation in the basal cell layer of the epithelium and the lamina propria. Oral melanoacanthoma and oral melanotic macule: a report of 8 cases, review of the literature, and immunohistochemical analysis Román Carlos-Bregni 1 , Elisa Contreras 1 , Ana Carolina Netto , Adalberto Mosqueda-Taylor 2 , Pablo Agustin Vargas 3 , Jacks Luckily, melanotic macules are harmless. Oral melanotic macule (MM) is a small, well-circumscribed, brown-to-black macule, and about of 665 cases has been reported in the English literature (2). Last reviewed by Dr. Raj MD on August 14th, 2018. They can occasionally have an irregular edge and there may be a history of colour change which can cause confusion with other pigmented lesions, including melanoma. For most of the melanotic macule your dermatologist or physician will observe it over time to make sure that it does not change in shape, color, or texture and will not remove it and it will not need any treatment. Oral melanotic macules can appear in people of any age, of any race, and of either sex. If you have any concerns with your skin or its treatment, see a dermatologist for advice. Another name for this medical condition is labial melanotic macule and it is sometimes referred to as a freckle on the lip. Congenital lingual melanotic macules represent a clinically distinct and benign cause of hyperpigmentation of the oral mucosa. On the penis in men (penile melanotic macule, a penile lentigo). [1] Oral pigmented lesions result from cellular hyperplasia that can range from benign nevi to fatal oral melanoma. It is the name for a freckle arising on the lip. If treatment is requested the macules can be frozen (cryotherapy) or removed using a laser or intense pulsed light. A labial melanotic macule is a well-defined, oval, brown to black, flat patch on the central third of the lower lip. If a skin biopsy is done because the lesion is changing or looks irregular, a labial melanotic macule shows the following features on dermatopathology: Nuclear atypia is absent and the melanocyte count is normal. Melanotic macule is a harmless benign condition. Background: Genital melanotic macules are poorly recognized lesions, which appear as isolated discrete macules. Clinically presentation of melanotic macules are typically a brown, black, blue or grey area that is well circumscribed, lesions are usually less than 10 mm in diameter but can be larger in some cases. 6 Biopsy for routine histopathologic examination is recommended to rule out oral melanoma in patients with melanotic macule on the palate, where malignant melanoma is most prevalent. An oral melanotic macule found on the lip is sometimes called a labial melanotic macule. As most melanotic macule is benign for women they may be able to hide them under makeup if they are light in color and small enough so they do not attract any attention. It occurs in approximately three percent of the population of the world. Some of those causes can include: Being born with one or having it appear in early childhood, which is common for people who have dark skin. HYPERPIGMENTED lesions involving the oral mucosa have various pathogenetic causes. This medical condition is a dark spot that is usually found on your lips, usually the bottom one but can appear on the top lip also. But before we proceed, we have to acknowledge that this condition is not related to systemic diseases or sunlight. There are no outstanding histologic differences among the eighty specimens. If a child has one it is usually because of their race. Their occurrence, usually as new pigmented lesions in adult life, can cause concern because they can mimic early melanoma. Similar freckles may also occur in areas that are not exposed to the sun: Labial melanotic macules do not cause any symptoms but their appearance can be a concern to the patient. Some of the rare genetic disorders associated with this condition include the following: 1. Labial melanotic macule. Conditions that are likely to cause macules are: vitiligo; moles; freckles A labial melanotic macule may be confused with another pigmented skin lesion. Some possible causes of Hypermelanotic macule or similar disorders may include: 4 Acute febrile neutrophilic dermatosis (Hypermelanotic macule) Amish infantile epilepsy syndrome (Hypermelanotic macule) Angioma serpiginosum, X-linked (Hypermelanotic macule) These are Genetic disorders and Lichen sclerosis. Note that this may not provide an exact translation in all languages, breadcrumbs If it is irregular in shape or big it could be noticeable if removed. What is the cause of labial melanotic macule? NAME syndrome– a … Causes List for Hypermelanotic macule. When numerous macules are observed, they may be found in association with certain genetic conditions or syndromes. Some of those causes can include: If the melanotic macule begins to change in texture, color, or shape it may be a cause for concern and should be check by either your physician or dermatologist. They may be more common than the literature suggests, especially among dark-skinned subjects. Objective: Our purpose was to define the clinical, histologic, immunohistochemical, and electronmicroscopic features of genital melanotic macules. However, we know that it is due to over-production and accumulation of melanin within the tissues. Although it can appear at any age in either sex, race, or gender, it is most commonly found in people who are dark skinned and in their middle ages and are female. Size ranges from 1–8 mm. Multiple causes are known, and they may range from simple iatrogenic mechanisms, such as implantation of dental amalgam, to complex medical disorders, such as Peutz-Jeghers syndrome. Oral Melanotic Macule identifiable etiologic factor, the term oral melanotic macule has been suggested2. A melanotic macule is normally benign, which means it is not cancerous. Labial melanotic macule (low power); mild acanthosis without elongation of rete ridges. Lesions can also be found in the mouth (oral melanotic macule), on the vulva (vulval labial melanotic macule; vulval melanosis) or on the penis (penile melanotic macule). Lichen sclerosis – a skin disease which is characterized by white patches while are usually thinner than normal skin Some linked genetic disorders may include: 1. Ephelis (freckle) is a circumscribed brown macule over skin that has been exposed to sunlight. Oral melanotic macules may have more of a predilection toward malignant melanoma than LMM. If a person decides that they do want them removed this can be done by: Pictures collection of the condition Melanotic Macule…, 35 Most Frequently Asked Questions About Coronavirus (COVID-19) – (with references). The etiology is not clear and it may represent a physiologic or reactive process. The most common lesions are oral and labial melanotic macules. The mucosal melanotic macule is a variant of simple lentigo that is located on mucosal surfaces, in particular the lower lip. GENETIC CAUSES. As labial melanotic macules almost always occur on the central third of the lower lip, a site receiving maximum sun exposure, … DermNet NZ does not provide an online consultation service. What causes an oral melanotic macule? Mucosal melanotic macule is a broader term encompassing lesions of the mouth as well as the lip. Author: Dr Mark Duffill, Dermatologist, Hamilton, New Zealand, 2008. Melanin is a normal skin pigment that gives the skin its darker color. A melanotic macule is a benign pigmented lesion of oral cavity characterised by increase in melanin pigmentation. The lesions will usually appear as a flat non-itchy rash on the lip with a color that is uniform and has a border that is well-defined. Oral pigmentation is a relatively common condition that may involve any portion of the oral cavity. There are two major related factors, including: 1. British Journal of Dermatology 19997:136: 772-775. Oral melanotic macule and primary oral malignant melanoma: epidemiology, location involved, and clinical implications. The presence of numerous melanotic macules on the body may be associated with a variety of syndromes including Carney complex, Peutz-Jeghers syndrome, and LEOPARD syndrome. This dark area could be a melanotic macule, which is a noncancerous dark patch on the skin — called hyperpigmentation — of a mucous membrane. When these macules occur in isolation, they are usually sporadic and no associated conditions are observed. 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