About nineteen arkan (elements) participate into the elementary composition of the human body. In the AYUSH acronym, Unani represents the ‘U’ and ostensibly, an equal branch of the AYUSH systems. Unani medicine refers to a tradition of Greeko-Arabic medicine which is based on the teachings of Greek physician Buqrat (Hip- pocrates; 460-377 BC) and Roman physician Jalinoos (Galen) and developed into an elaborate medical system by Arab and Persian physicians such as Al Razi (Rhazes), Avicenna (Ibne sina), Al Zahrawi and Ibn Nafis. Their balance is health while disbalance is a disease. The properties of an Unsur (element), according to Tibb are described in terms of their mizaj (temperament) which is expressed in terms of four kayfiyat (qualities ) i.e. Generally two non antagonistic properties are combined together to express the mizaj of a thing. As the above concept of three states of matter could not get general acceptance, the theory of four elements was compounded. It was introduced in India by the Arabs and Persians sometime during the eighth century. Unani Medicine, an age old system of medicine which is widely practiced in south Asia, draws on the ancient traditional systems of medicine in China, Egypt, India, Iraq, Persia and Syria. In Unani Tibb,Umoor-e-Tabaiyah begins with the elements as it is the basic constituent of the human body. Neither there is anything hot nor cold but one thing is colder or hotter in relation to another thing likewise, if there is excess of water in a thing , it is said bilfil (actually) moist and if there is less water in a thing it may be said as dry. It was in 1913 that Hakim Ajmal Khan lit the torch of the united Ayurvedic and the Unani Systems of medicine. The Unani or Greeco-Arabic system of medicine was introduced by Hippocrates. The relationship, according to Aristotle between the qualities of the Elements, and the Humours. Unani medicine is based around the concepts of the four humors: Phlegm (Balgham), Blood (Dam), Yellow bile (Afra) and Black bile (Sauda).Unani system is based on the Hippocratic theory that a perfect balance of “Arkan” (elements), “Akhlata” (humors) and “Mizaj” (temperaments) helps the body and mind healthy. From Greece, it spread to Arabia and then to entire Central Asia. The great Hippocrate was the first formal physician of Unani medicine who practiced and taught it. He devoted his entire life in flourishing this system. They can't be further resolved into simpler entitles. Today, India is one of the leading countries in so for as the practice of Unani medicine is concerned. The basic theory of the Unani medicine is based on the concept that perfect balance between the Elements (Arkan), Humors (Akhlat) and Temperament (Mizaj) is necessary for good health. The various substances (compounds) in nature depend on their imtizaj (chemical combinations) for their existence. It has the largest number of Unani educational, research and health care institutions. Like wise, surat nauiyah of a compound depends upon the molecular structure of that compound. The entire concept of Unani system of medicine revolves around four humour theory of Hippocrates: blood, phlegm, yellow bile, and black bile. MENU MENU. According to practitioners of Unani medicine, the health of the human body is maintained by the harmonious arrangement of al-umoor al-tabiyah, the seven basic physiological principles of the Unani doctrine. Ring in the new year with a Britannica Membership. Unani is a form of medicine that traces its roots to Greece in the days of Hippocrates, between 460 and 377 BC. 7.1 Origin of the Unani System of Medicine. There are predictable consequences to the…. Unani medicine is based on the Greece philosophy. The ministry of AYUSH observed the ‘Unani day’ on the 11th of February 2019 to raise awareness for the Unani branch of alternative medicine (alt-med) in India. Arkan or Anasir (Elements) Mizaj (temperament) Akhlat (Humours) A’za (Organs) Quwa (Powers) Arwah (Spirit) Af’al (Functions) From the study of above umur-tabi’yah it will be seen that the method of study in Tibb are far superior to those of the methods adopted in the modern physiology. The human body is also made up of these four fundamental elements. Following his footsteps we established the Unani Herbal. Cosmetic Surgery; Orthopedics Surgery; Neuro and Spine Surgery; Cardiology ; Ophthalmology; Dentistry; … Elements (Arkan) or (Anasir) are simple indivisible matters which provide the basic components for the human body and others. The Unani System has an impressive and encouraging record in India. Unani system of medicine is a synthesis of Greek & Arab systems. In fact the above elements are four states of matter where hawa (air ) stands for gaseous elements, ma stands for liquid elements, ardh for solid elements and nar for the matter which has been transformed into heat energy, whose ultimate source is the Sun whose energy is transformed into all kinds of energy in the universe. "Unani" was derived from the word "Ionian" which indicates its origin to Greece. medicine of their day with their own contributions. water, air, earth and fire. The Unani system success period was between the 13 th-17 th centuries in India. Therefore , cold is a negative quality. Unanimedicine is an ancient form of medicine first developed by the Greeks in 460 BC. Elements (Arkan) or (Anasir) are simple indivisible matters which provide the basic components for the human body and others. Unsur (elements) or the atom is the lowest level of organization of the human body and other creations. However this system later extensively developed by Arab physicians. However, the origin of Greek medicine is attributed to Ionian philosophers and to Hippocrates in particular. By signing up for this email, you are agreeing to news, offers, and information from Encyclopaedia Britannica. The Unani System of Medicine has a long and impressive record in India. Unani Medicine (Unani-tibb) also spelled as Yunani Medicine, is the other form of medicine. These principles include: – ARKAN, or Elements; MIZAJ, or Temperament or Personality; AKHLAT, or Bodily Humours; AAZA, or Organs and Systems Today's world is full of such diseases which can be cured only through traditional Herbal Medicines. Unani Herbal is the first modern Unani clinic which cares for the persnol health of the mankind in all respect specially for HIV/AIDS, Sex problem, Diabetes, Skin care, Piles and other diseases. Heat and cold are considered Kayfiyat fa'llah (active qualities). Medicina unani hospital is a famous alternative care hospital in south India young renowned Unani physician Dr. Abdul Vahab is the chief consultant of the hospital. According to Unani system of medicine, each and every organ of the body is composed of four basic elements called “Arkan” having different qualities with respect to function of the organ. Here ,we see that the Tibbi physicians start their study from atoms or element (Arkan) and not from a cell. Unani medicine: Arkan and mizaj: elements and temperament. They were of the opinion that there was only one element which transformed into other elements after taghayur and istihalah.. Then ,there were two and three element theories. The above statement regarding the elements by Ibn Sina (Avicenna) shows that there is hardly any difference between ancient and modern concept of elements. Today, India is one of the leading countries in so for as the practice of Unani medicine is concerned. Unani principles are so close to that of Ayurveda’s. Exponent of this concept. It is a very safe, efficacious Indian medicine for the relief of AIDS according to the degree & stage of affliction. Unani: the science of Graeco-Arabic medicine, by Jamil Ahmad, Hakim Ashhar Qadeer. It then spread throughout the Roman empire by notable scientists such as Galen (201 AD). It was introduced in India by the Arabs and Persians sometime around the eleventh century. Macromolecules are combined with smaller molecules to form cell organelles i.e.cell membrane, mito chondria, endoplasmic reticulum and lysosomes. ), Avicenna and in fact all other followers belonging to mashayin became and cense quietly the Tibb was incarcerated in the dilemma of fours. He was also the author of several treatise, one of them Fasoole Buqrat is available for ready reference. The Unani Medicine is one of the ancient medicines ever practiced in the world. Unani System of Medicine in India. When Mongols attacked Persia and Central Asian countries, scholars and physicians of Unani medicine fled and brought this science to India. According to this concept all the four elements contribute to the formation of things nature. Therefore, the surat nauiyah of an unsur (elements) is nothing but its atomic structure that depends upon the atomic number No two elements (anasir) carry the same . In view of the modern concept it will be seen that heat is positive thing and absence of heat is known as cold. According to practitioners of Unani medicine, the health of the human body is maintained by the harmonious process of AL-UMOOR AL-TABIYAH, the seven basic physiological fundamental truth of the Unani teaching. Unani medicine owes its origin to Greek and Egyptian medicine. Practiced mostly by Muslims, Unani practitioners are found in all parts of India, and a large number of them in Kerala. Under his guidance, well-trained Unani physicians and therapists serve the patients to treat various acute and chronic disease with applying all the therapeutic tools in the Unani medicine. Unani medicine originates from Greece and it means “Greek Medicine.” Unani medicine is founded on the teachings of Hippocrates who was a Greek physician. A physician takes into account all these factors before diagnosing and prescribing treatment. Unani system of medicine owes its origin to Greece thanks to Hippocrates. They attributed binary qualities to each of the anasir to express their mizaj and properties, These are as follows. It was introduced in this country by the Persians and Arabs around the eleventh century. The views regarding the number and properties of elements (Anair) have also been different. Lustre Press, 1998. As four simple, indivisible entities—arz (earth), maa (water), nar (fire), and hawa (air)—arkan not only constitutes the primary components of the human body but also makes up all other creations in the universe. In Unani system of medicine, human body is based on seven natural principles, known as “Umure Tabiya”.These are the very factors responsible for the existence of the human body and are considered responsible for the maintenance of health. Unani System of Medicine describes the man to be made up of the following seven factors: Elements (Arkān): What man and the Universe, both biological and non-biological, including drugs are made up of. The exponents of this theory contended that fire, air, water and earth were four primary elements . As four simple, indivisible entities—arz (earth), maa (water), nar (fire), and hawa (air)—arkan not only constitutes the primary components of the human body but also makes up all other creations in the universe. In India, Unani system flourished due to wide acceptance by the public. Unani medicine focuses on the four humors of the human body (blood, yellow bile, black bile and phlegm) and the cause of diseases is caused by the inequality of all the four humors. Some of the ancient philosophers like Thales (640-546 B.C), Anaximines (611-544B.C) Heraklitus (540-475 B.C) and Phrekides (6th cent.B.C) maintained that there was only one element present, they regarded water, air, fire and earth as the principal ingredients of all things in the universe. Through this health care we prove that when united the two systems can do wonders in the world of medicine. of India, 1987. With the fall of the Roman empire came the decline in unani medicine. They always assumed that Arkan (elements), Mizaj (temperament) and Akhlat (humor) that keeps the body and mind healthy. Atoms combine in the different ways to yield monomers (amino acids, nucleotides, mono sugars) which are the building blocks of biological macromolecules (proteins, nucleic acids, polysaccharides) the constituents of humours (Akhlat). These principles include (1) arkan, or elements, (2) mizaj, or temperament, (3) akhlat, or bodily humours, (4) aaza, or organs and systems, (5) arwah, or vital spirit, (6) quwa, or faculties or powers, … Arkan (elements), mizaj (temperaments), aklath (humours), anza (organs), arawh (spirits), Quo (faculties) and afal (functions), each of which has close relation to the state of health of an individual. ), Aristotle (384-322 B.C.) Unani (also spelt Unaani), the system of medicine originated in Greece and flourished in Asia, especially India bears similarities with Ayurveda. Standardisation of single drugs of Unani medicine. The Unani System of Medicine has a long and impressive record in India. Based on the concept of balancing body humors. The exponents of three element theory propounded that all the matters exist in three states i.e. The HOO-IMM PLUS (A, B, C, D, E) is an absolutely new, novel, pioneering and revolutionary concept from Unani Herbal to medical science. India, today, is one of the leading countries having the largest number of Unani educational, healthcare and research institutions. Unani is an Arabic word which means Greek. Arkan (Elements) Avicenna, one of the greatest scholars of Unani Tibb (medicine), has defined it as: Tibb is the science of which we learn the various states of body, in health and when not in health, and the means by which health is likely to be lost and, when lost, is likely to be restored. The documentary evidences of Unani medicine date back to 460 B.C. These Arkan came together to form Aza-e-mufridah (simple members) through tabakh and tabakh The Persians and Arabs around the eleventh century has a long and record! 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